APPLICATION OF HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN THE RAPID FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF ATHLETES

Abstract

The sympathetic type of overtraining manifests itself as level of perceived psychological stress increases and coordination reactions decreases during exercise. Clinically this syndrome is manifested by an increase in heart rate, arterial hypertension with frequent headaches. Moreover, most athletes experience an increase in body temperature with a characteristic increase in metabolism. The parasympathetic type of overtraining is a phase of “exhaustion” with an indispensable decrease in the body’s performance. According to the founder of the theory of stress Hans Selye “ exhaustion phase” is an irreversible reaction of the regulatory system, denoting the “death” of the body. The study was conducted at the premises of the sports medicine and rehabilitation center at the Akbulak Olympic Center (Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan) with the participation of 30 highly
qualified athletes involved in Greco-Roman wrestling of the main group and the control group consisting of healthy volunteers comparable exclusively to males aged between 18 and 35 years old. The sympathetic type of misadaptation is characterized as psychological stress with a typical behavioral and emotional manifestation. A change in autonomic regulation with a predominance of the sympathetic link is an early indication of a breakdown in adaptation with a decrease in performance. With increased sympathetic regulation the athlete’s body is in a condition of constant stress and internal tension, in the future such condition can become a predictor of the occurrence of organic disorders.