STRUCTURAL AND THERMAL STABILITY OF AG NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED FROM ARTEMISIA LERCHIANA: SEM, EDX, XRD AND TG-DTA ANALYSES

Abstract

The development of biologically mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has gained significant global attention due to its promising applications in medical science and disease treatment. Unlike conventional chemical and physical methods, green synthesis employs eco-friendly, non-toxic, and cost-effective approaches, utilizing biological resources such as plants, microorganisms, and natural extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents. In this context, the present study highlights the synthesis of silver nanomaterials using Artemisia lerchiana Web. extract as a novel and sustainable source. Compared to conventional antibiotics and chemically synthesized drugs, AgNPs obtained from green routes exhibit remarkable antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activities, thereby offering potential solutions to pressing medical challenges such as antibiotic resistance, chronic infections, and tumor progression. The structural and morphological properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were systematically characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and zeta potential measurements. These results revealed that the biosynthesized AgNPs possess well-defined size, shape, crystallinity, and homogeneous distribution, which are strongly influenced by the phytochemical composition of the plant extract. Furthermore, this review provides an overview of recent advances in green synthesis strategies, emphasizing the role of biocompatibility in reducing nanoparticle toxicity, minimizing environmental risks, and lowering production costs. The findings confirm that biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles represent a promising alternative to conventional nanomaterials for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, with enhanced safety profiles, stability, and therapeutic efficiency. This work contributes to the growing body of research focused on eco-friendly nanotechnology for sustainable and advanced healthcare solutions.