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CHANGES IN COVERAGE OF PNEUMOCOCCAL PREVENTION ACTIVITIES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Authors

  • Issayeva NJSC "National medical university" named after S.D.Asfendiyarov
  • Mrs Lyazzat T. Yeraliyeva NJSC "National Medical University" named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan; "National Scientific Center for Phthisiopulmonology of the Republic of Kazakhstan" of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
  • Mrs Gulnur Z. Tanbayeva NJSC "Al-Farabi Kazakh National University"
  • Mrs Arailym Saidakhmetova CSE on REM "City Polyclinic No. 3", Almaty, Kazakhstan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26577/appmed2023v4i2a5

Keywords:

routine immunization, COVID-19, national immunization schedule, Kazakhstan, pneumococcal vaccine, children

Abstract

Relevance

The World Health Organization estimates that in 2020, around 13.5 million children around the world did not receive routine immunizations, as expected, due to a shift in focus to fight a deadly pandemic.

Aim

Determine how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the routine immunization of children using the example of vaccination against pneumococcal infection.

Materials and methods of research

The ongoing retrospective study in the city polyclinic No. 3 of the city of Almaty of the Republic of Kazakhstan covered the period from 2019 to 2021. Statistical analysis was performed to determine significance (p < 0.05) using Z-score.

Results

Annual coverage of the first vaccination in children aged 2 months in 2019 was 98%, and in 2020 it decreased to 86.1% (Z = 4.112431; P = 0.000039). In 2021, the indicator increased again, and reached the level of 96.8%. For the second dose of pneumococcal vaccine, coverage decreased from 98% (2019) to 80% (2020) (Z = 5.056653; P = 0.000001). In the next 2021, coverage was 96.7%. The null hypothesis is also rejected for the third dose of pneumococcal vaccine in children aged 12-15 months. If in 2019 the implementation of the annual plan was 98.5%, then in 2020 it decreased significantly, and showed only 85.4% (Z = 5.562573; P = 0.000001). Coverage recovery was successful in 2021, meeting the target by 96.6%. According to the data, coverage was lowest in 2020 and also for the second dose of pneumococcal vaccine.

Conclusions

The current study demonstrates the decline in vaccination coverage among Kazakh children during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.

Author Biographies

Mrs Lyazzat T. Yeraliyeva, NJSC "National Medical University" named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan; "National Scientific Center for Phthisiopulmonology of the Republic of Kazakhstan" of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Deputy Director for Clinical and Scientific Work of the National Scientific Center for Phthisiopulmonology of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Professor of the Department of Children's Infections of the Kazakh National Medical University named after. S.D. Asfendiyarov. Phone: 8(727) 291-8687. E-mail: l.eralieva@mail.ru. Orcid: 0000-0002-0892-166X

Mrs Gulnur Z. Tanbayeva, NJSC "Al-Farabi Kazakh National University"

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Health Policy and Organization of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. E-mail: g_tanbayeva@mail.ru

Mrs Arailym Saidakhmetova, CSE on REM "City Polyclinic No. 3", Almaty, Kazakhstan

Deputy chief physician for medical work of the city polyclinic No. 3 of Almaty. Tel.: 8 (727) 350-51-54

Published

2024-02-15

Versions

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACHES TO MEDICINE

Section

Original research